Product name: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid (3-MPA)
CAS No.: 107-96-0
EC No.: 203-537-0
Synonyms: β-Mercaptopropionic acid, 3-Sulfanylpropanoic acid
Molecular Formula: C3H6O2S
Molecular Weight: 106.14
SMILES: OC(=O)CCS
Typical Physical & Chemical Properties
Melting Point: 15 ~ 18 ℃
Boiling Point: 110 ~ 111 ℃ (15 mmHg)
Flash Point (Closed Cup): 93 ℃
Odor: Characteristic sulphurous odour
Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, benzene and ethers
Stability: Sensitive to air oxidation; avoid prolonged exposure to air; incompatible with strong oxidants, heavy metal ions, strong bases
pKa (Carboxyl) ~4.3; Thiol pKa ≈ 10.84
Quality Specifications
| Item | Specification | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (crystallizes below ~17 ℃) | Visual Inspection |
| Assay | ≥99.0 % | Iodometric Titration/ GC |
| Color (Pt-Co) | ≤50 Hazen | Platinum-Cobalt Method |
| Water Content (KF) | ≤0.20 % | Karl Fischer Titration |
| Refractive Index (n₂₀ᴰ) | 1.4910 ~ 1.4940 | Refractometer |
| Density (25 ℃) | 1.216 ~ 1.220 g/mL | Pycnometer |
| Free Sulphur | ≤0.01 % | Spectrophotometry |
| Evaporation Residue | ≤0.02 % | Gravimetry |
Product Characteristics
- Bifunctional molecule containing thiol (-SH) and carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional groups.- Excellent reducing agent and chain transfer agent for free-radical polymerization.
- Widely used surface modifier for gold, silver and metal nanoparticles; raw material for self-assembled monolayers (SAMs).
- Effective crosslinking auxiliary, metal chelator and additive for polymer stabilizer formulations.
⚠️ Easily oxidized on contact with air; long-term storage requires sealed protection.
Applications
Chain transfer agent for acrylic, styrene and vinyl polymer synthesis
Raw material for PVC heat stabilizers and organotin stabilizer intermediatesSurface ligand / capping agent for precious metal nanoparticles (Au, Ag)
Fine chemical intermediate, pharmaceutical & cosmetic raw material
Synthetic flavour raw material
Reducing agent and additive for electroplating & water treatment formulations
Precursor for thiol-modified resins, adhesives and coatings
Handling & Storage
Store in tightly sealed HDPE / lined steel drums, cool, dry, ventilated warehouse.
Storage temperature recommended below 30 ℃; avoid direct sunlight.Minimize repeated opening of containers to prevent air oxidation.
Separate from strong oxidizing agents, strong alkalis.
Prevent inhalation of vapour; avoid direct skin and eye contact. Wear chemical resistant gloves, safety goggles.
Shelf life: 12 months under proper sealed storage.
Packing, Storage & Transportation
Packing: 200L lined steel drum or 25L HDPE drum with tight leakproof sealing. Avoid bare carbon steel containers.
Storage: Keep tightly sealed in cool, dry and ventilated warehouse at 5–30 °C, away from sunlight, heat, strong oxidants and alkalis. Prevent air exposure to avoid oxidation. Shelf life: 12 months.
Transportation: Classified as corrosive hazardous goods. Secure packages against collision and leakage. Do not ship together with oxidants, alkalis and food materials. Vehicles require proper ventilation; relevant dangerous goods transport documents must be carried.
Safety Note: Wear protective gear during loading and unloading. Avoid skin and vapour inhalation.
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