Product Name: Glyoxylic Acid (50 % Aqueous Solution)
IUPAC Name: 2‑Oxoacetic acid
Synonym: Glyoxalic acid, Formylformic acid, Oxoacetic acid
CAS No.：298‑12‑4 (anhydrous)
EC Number: 206‑058‑5
Molecular Formula: C2H2O3
Molecular Weight: 74.04 g/mol
UN‑No: UN 3265, Hazard Class 8, Packing Group III (Corrosive liquid, acidic organic n.o.s.)
HS‑Code: 29183000
Note: Commercial commodity is mostly 50 wt% aqueous solution; solid monohydrate CAS 79‑14‑1, do not confuse with anhydrous 298‑12‑4. TNJ Chemical also has Glyoxylic acid 98% monohydrate for sale.
1. Physical‑Chemical Properties
Melting Point (anhydrous) −93 ℃
Boiling Point 111 ℃ (decomposition)
Flash Point 111 ℃ (closed cup)
pKa 3.30 @25 ℃
Solubility Fully miscible with water; miscible with ethanol; slightly soluble in ether, benzene
Stability Stable under normal conditions; prone to self‑condensation upon heating; avoid strong oxidants, strong bases
2. Typical Specifications (Industrial Grade 50 % Solution)
| Item | Specification | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Colourless to pale straw‑yellow clear liquid | Visual @25 ℃ |
| Colour (APHA) | ≤100 | Colorimeter |
| Glyoxylic Acid Content | 49.0‑51.0 % w/w | Titration |
| Oxalic Acid | ≤0.8 % | HPLC |
| Glycolic Acid | ≤1.0 % | HPLC |
| Chloride (Cl⁻) | ≤0.005 % | Turbidimetry |
| Sulphate () | ≤0.05 % | Turbidimetry |
| Density | 1.27‑1.33 g/cm³ | 20 ℃ |
| pH (1 % aqueous) | ≤2.0 | 25 ℃ |
3. Key Properties
Contains both aldehyde group & carboxyl group, high chemical reactivity.
Reacts easily with amines, alcohols; widely used in condensation‑type synthesis.
Strong organic acid, corrosive to skin & mucous membrane.
4. Main Applications
Fine chemical intermediate: Synthesis of vanillin, ethyl vanillin, allantoin, pharmaceutical intermediates
Cosmetic raw‑material: hair‑straightening agent, peeling ingredient
Dye industry: dye intermediate
Water‑treatment: metal‑ion chelating / sequestering agent
Paper‑leather industry: finishing agent
5. Storage & Shelf‑Life
Storage: Hermetically sealed, cool, dry & ventilated warehouse, 5‑30 ℃. Avoid direct sunlight & high temperature; separate from alkalis, oxidants.
Shelf‑life: 12 months for un‑opened original drum
Standard export packing: 250 kg HDPE drum; 1000 L IBC tote tank
6. Handling & Safety Notes
Corrosive substance; causes severe eye / skin burns; may trigger allergic skin reaction.
Wear chemical‑resistant goggles, acid‑proof gloves, protective clothing.
In case contact with skin/eyes, rinse immediately with plenty running water for ≥15 min and seek medical treatment.
Do not mix with alkaline materials.
Refer to complete SDS for full GHS hazard statements, transport classification and waste disposal information.Disclaimer: All values are typical laboratory reference data only, not contractual specification. End‑user shall verify suitability for own process.
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